ElasticSearch-update-mapping
2025-01-22 08:19:30    973 字    #elasticSearch
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ElasticSearch版本：6.5.0(点击跳转官方文档)


1. ElasticSearch 更新 mapping

已存在的索引mapping，新增字段，并设置初始值

新建测试索引

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PUT /my_test_index
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 4
  },
  "mappings": {
    "my_test_type": {
      "properties": {
        "goodsCmdCode": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "goodsPriceUrl": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "goodsTitle": {
          "type": "text"
        },
        "userId": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "userPrice": {
          "type": "integer"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

插入测试数据

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POST /my_test_index/my_test_type/_bulk
{"index":{"_id":1}}
{"goodsCmdCode":"000001","goodsPriceUrl":"https://baidu.com","goodsTitle":"商品1","userId":"987987","userPrice":12}
{"index":{"_id":2}}
{"goodsCmdCode":"000002","goodsPriceUrl":"https://baidu.com","goodsTitle":"商品2","userId":"876876","userPrice":14}
{"index":{"_id":3}}
{"goodsCmdCode":"000003","goodsPriceUrl":"https://baidu.com","goodsTitle":"商品3","userId":"765765","userPrice":19}
{"index":{"_id":4}}
{"goodsCmdCode":"000004","goodsPriceUrl":"https://baidu.com","goodsTitle":"商品4","userId":"654654","userPrice":11}
{"index":{"_id":5}}
{"goodsCmdCode":"000005","goodsPriceUrl":"https://baidu.com","goodsTitle":"商品5","userId":"543543","userPrice":9}

按照两篇文章(参考资料)内容的意思，先更新mapping，添加指定字段，并设置字段类型；然后通过’update_by_query’，对字段值统一进行初始化。

假设要添加一个keyword字段：goodsStatus。

  1. 添加mapping中字段类型

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    PUT /my_test_index/_mapping/my_test_type
    {
      "properties": {
        "goodsStatus":{
          "type":"keyword",
          "null_value": "NULL"
        }
      }
    }

    通过’GET /my_test_index/_mapping’命令，可以确认mapping新增字段成功。

  2. 通过’update_by_query’API，更新所有数据，对新增字段进行初始化

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    POST /my_test_index/_update_by_query
    {
      "script": {
        "lang": "painless",
        "inline": "if (ctx._source.goodsStatus == null) {ctx._source.goodsStatus='01'}"
      }
    }

    通过查询命令，发现更新成功了，新增goodsStatus字段，并对其进行初始化。

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    {
      "took" : 13,
      "timed_out" : false,
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 4,
        "successful" : 4,
        "skipped" : 0,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "hits" : {
        "total" : 5,
        "max_score" : 1.0,
        "hits" : [
          {
            "_index" : "my_test_index",
            "_type" : "my_test_type",
            "_id" : "3",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "goodsCmdCode" : "000003",
              "goodsStatus" : "01",
              "goodsPriceUrl" : "https://baidu.com",
              "userPrice" : 19,
              "goodsTitle" : "商品3",
              "userId" : "765765"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "my_test_index",
            "_type" : "my_test_type",
            "_id" : "1",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "goodsCmdCode" : "000001",
              "goodsStatus" : "01",
              "goodsPriceUrl" : "https://baidu.com",
              "userPrice" : 12,
              "goodsTitle" : "商品1",
              "userId" : "987987"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "my_test_index",
            "_type" : "my_test_type",
            "_id" : "2",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "goodsCmdCode" : "000002",
              "goodsStatus" : "01",
              "goodsPriceUrl" : "https://baidu.com",
              "userPrice" : 14,
              "goodsTitle" : "商品2",
              "userId" : "876876"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "my_test_index",
            "_type" : "my_test_type",
            "_id" : "4",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "goodsCmdCode" : "000004",
              "goodsStatus" : "01",
              "goodsPriceUrl" : "https://baidu.com",
              "userPrice" : 11,
              "goodsTitle" : "商品4",
              "userId" : "654654"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "my_test_index",
            "_type" : "my_test_type",
            "_id" : "5",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "goodsCmdCode" : "000005",
              "goodsStatus" : "01",
              "goodsPriceUrl" : "https://baidu.com",
              "userPrice" : 9,
              "goodsTitle" : "商品5",
              "userId" : "543543"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }

2. Reference