SpringBoot_启动后执行
2025-01-22 08:19:30    874 字    #springboot
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Spring Framework版本：5.1.6.RELEASE (点击跳转官方文档)
SpringBoot版本：2.1.4.RELEASE (点击跳转官方文档)

SpringBoot 启动后运行。


1. PostConstruct 注解

使用 @PostConstruct 注解，但要注意其中执行的方法不能耗时过长，否则会导致方法执行期间无法提供服务。

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@Slf4j
@Component
public class CustomPostConstruct {
    @PostConstruct
    public void initDoSomething() {
        log.info("PostConstruct#initDoSomething === 初始化做点什么呢？");
    }
}

2. ApplicationRunner 接口

ApplicationRunner 接口实现的 run 方法接收的参数，同 main(String[] args) 主函数接收的参数一致，意味着可以对命令行启动时传入的参数进行一些处理。

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@Slf4j
@Component
@Order(value = 1)
public class CustomApplicationRunner01 implements ApplicationRunner {
    @Override
    public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
        log.info("CustomApplicationRunner01#run === 初始化运行点什么呢？");
    }
}

@Slf4j
@Component
@Order(value = 2)
public class CustomApplicationRunner02 implements ApplicationRunner {
    @Override
    public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
        log.info("CustomApplicationRunner02#run === 初始化运行点什么呢？");
    }
}

多个 ApplicationRunner 接口可以通过 @Order 注解，配置其加载顺序，数值越小优先级越高，运行结果如下：

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c.y.r.m.CustomApplicationRunner02        : CustomApplicationRunner01#run === 初始化运行点什么呢？
c.y.r.m.CustomApplicationRunner01        : CustomApplicationRunner02#run === 初始化运行点什么呢？

将 CustomApplicationRunner01 类上 @Order 值调整为 5，再看下运行结果：

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CustomApplicationRunner02#run === 初始化运行点什么呢？
CustomApplicationRunner01#run === 初始化运行点什么呢？

3. CommandLineRunner 接口

CommandLineRunner 接口实现的 run 方法接收的参数，同 main(String[] args) 主函数接收的参数一致，意味着可以对命令行启动时传入的参数进行一些处理。

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@Slf4j
@Component
@Order(value = 6)
public class CustomCommandLineRunner01 implements CommandLineRunner {
    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        log.info("CustomCommandLineRunner01#run === 初始化运行点什么呢？");
    }
}

@Slf4j
@Component
@Order(value = 3)
public class CustomCommandLineRunner02 implements CommandLineRunner {
    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        log.info("CustomCommandLineRunner02#run === 初始化运行点什么呢？");
    }
}

多个 CommandLineRunner 接口可以通过 @Order 注解，配置其加载顺序，数值越小优先级越高，运行结果如下：

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CustomCommandLineRunner02#run === 初始化运行点什么呢？
CustomCommandLineRunner01#run === 初始化运行点什么呢？

4. 依赖POM

以上示例的依赖

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<dependencies>
    <!--starter-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId> org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!--lombok-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>1.18.22</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>